碳鋼鈍化劑-Chemosphere：三種鈍化劑降低酸性土壤中鎘遷移率和水菠菜吸收鎘及抗氧化效果

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華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)胡紅青教授團(tuán)隊(duì)通過盆栽試驗(yàn)，評(píng)估了水稻秸稈生物炭、沸石和磷礦粉鈍化劑降低酸性土壤中鎘遷移率和水菠菜吸收鎘以及抗氧化反應(yīng)的效果。相關(guān)成果發(fā)表于Chemosphere（IF=）。

論文第1作者為華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)Saqib Bashir博士，通訊作者為胡紅青教授，朱俊、付慶靈參與了試驗(yàn)研究。

Highlights

Alkaline amendments (Biochar, Zeolite and Rock phosphate) are suitable for acid cadmium contaminated soil.

Rice straw biochar has ability to immobilize Cd and decreased Cd bioavailability to Water spinach.

FTIR analysis clearly indicate the mechanism of Cd immobilization through complexation.

Abstract

Agricultural soils contamination with cadmium (Cd) has become a serious concern through anthropogenic activities. The possible environmental friendly solutions for Cd are required to address its mobility through various cost effective amendments. This study aims to evaluate the impact of rice straw biochar (BC), zeolite (ZE) and rock phosphate (RP) stabilizers to minimize the potential risk of Cd mobility and its uptake by water spinach in acidic soil through pot experiment. Concentration of Cd in TCLP and CaCl2 extract gradually decreased with the increase of amendments (BC, ZE and RP) rates. The increase in BC addition from to 3% significantly decreased CaCl2-extractable Cd by – and TCLP extractable Cd by – respectively, over control. Whereas, RP addition decreases – and in CaCl2 and TCLP extractable Cd respectively, as compared to control soil. The addition of BC, ZE and RP decreased Cd uptake by – with and 3% application rate, respectively. Moreover, the antioxidant enzymes activity i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) decreased with the addition of BC, ZE and RP under Cd stress. In conclusion, rice straw biochar could be highly recommended as a safe stabilizer to immobilize Cd in polluted agricultural soils.

人為活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致的農(nóng)田鎘污染需要各種具有成本效益的修復(fù)手段來解決。水菠菜（Ipomoea aquatica）作為一種常見蔬菜，其吸收鎘的能力約為 mg kg-1，已遠(yuǎn)高于世界衛(wèi)生組織提出的鎘濃度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（0.2 mg kg-1），因此需要向鎘污染農(nóng)田施加鈍化劑以減少水菠菜對(duì)鎘的吸收量并有效固定土壤中的鎘。雖然已有研究表明各種鈍化劑對(duì)鎘污染土壤葉類蔬菜生長有影響，但水稻秸稈生物炭，沸石和磷礦粉對(duì)水菠菜生長、吸收鎘和固定土壤中鎘的影響尚未見任何報(bào)道。生物炭來源廣泛，可有效改善土壤理化性質(zhì)，但對(duì)鎘的鈍化效果還缺少與磷礦粉和沸石的比較。

該論文通過盆栽試驗(yàn)，評(píng)估了水稻秸稈生物炭，沸石和磷礦粉鈍化劑降低酸性土壤中鎘遷移率和水菠菜吸收鎘以及抗氧化反應(yīng)的效果。結(jié)果表明，隨著三種鈍化劑添加量的增加，TCLP和CaCl2提取態(tài)鎘濃度逐漸降低。與對(duì)照相比，添加量為1.5％-3％的水稻秸稈生物炭顯著降低CaCl2提取態(tài)和TCLP提取態(tài)鎘含量，下降幅度分別為65.8％-72.9％和31.2％-37.7％。磷礦粉也可使CaCl2和TCLP提取態(tài)鎘含量顯著降低，分別降低了53.4％-65.2％和11.7％-19.5％。添加量為1.5％和3％時(shí)，水稻秸稈生物炭，沸石和磷礦粉使水菠菜對(duì)鎘的吸收量減少22.9％-61.8％。且在鎘脅迫條件下，添加三種鈍化劑可降低水菠菜抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶SOD和過氧化物酶POD）的活性。

供試三種堿性鈍化劑均適用于改良酸性鎘污染土壤，且水稻秸稈生物炭對(duì)鎘固定效果更好，也減少了水菠菜對(duì)鎘的吸收，是減輕鎘對(duì)水菠菜毒性的Z佳鈍化劑。運(yùn)用FTIR（傅立葉變換紅外光譜）技術(shù)手段還揭示了三種鈍化劑通過絡(luò)合作用固定鎘的機(jī)理?？傊?，水稻秸稈生物炭作為一種安全有效的鈍化劑，可被廣泛應(yīng)用于鎘污染農(nóng)田土壤中。

論文引用格式：

Bashir S, Zhu J, Fu Q L, et al. Cadmium mobility, uptake and anti-oxidative response of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic) under rice straw biochar, zeolite and rock phosphate as amendments[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 194, 579-587.

DOI：